【练习】
1.?I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.
A. to have not ? ?B. to not have ? ?C. not to have ? ? D. not having答案:??C
解析:??不定式的完成式的否定式做原因状语,否定词not必须在不定式之前。
2. She had no money______?a birthday present for her children.
A.to buy with?? B.buying?? C.bought?? D.with which to buy
答案:?D
解析:?介词+关系代词+不定式的结构可以在句中用作定语,其作用相当于一个定语从句。9.B。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。不定式作定语时,表示将来的动作;现在分词作定语,表示主动、进行;过去分词作定语,表示被动、完成。因为dates是被标在gold coin上,所以用过去分词表示被动。
3.?Tom apologized to me ______ again.
A. to be late ? ? B. of being late
C. to have been late ? ? ?D. for beinglate
答案:?D
解析:?apologize to sb. for sth./doing sth.为常见搭配.
4.?______?all my letters, I had a drink and went out.
A.Finished?? B.Having finished?? C.Finishing?? D.To finish答案:?B
解析:?因finish这一动作发生在I had a drink and went out之前,所以必须用现在分词的完成式。
5.?From the dates______?on the gold coin, it is conformed that it was made five hundred years ago.
A.marking?? B.marked?? C.to be marked?? D.having been marked答案:?A
解析:?不定式作目的状语。
6.The policeman came up to the lonely house with the door ____(open), ____(stand) there for a while and then entered it.(填空练习)
答案:open; stood
解析:?with the door open是with 的复合结构,open 为形容词,表状态; stood与came,entered为并列关系,在句中作谓语。
【小知识】动词不定式可以作下列的状语
①目的状语: Every morning he gets up very early to read English.
为了强调不定式表示目的的作用,可在不定式前加in order to或so as to(以便或为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English.
将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it.
②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。
③too + 形容词或副词 + 动词不定式,表示“足能”的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now.?
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