虚拟语气的十大句型
一、虚拟条件句：
条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
1．条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：
句型1：If?＋主语＋过去时，主语＋?should?(could,?would,?或might)?＋动词原形
(1)?If?I?were?you,?I?would?study?hard.
(2)?If?it?rained,?I?would?not?be?here?now.
2．条件从句与过去事实不一致，其句型为：
句型2：If?＋主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋?should（could,?would,?或might）＋?have?＋过去分词
(3)?If?the?doctor?had?come?last?night,?the?boy?would?have?been?saved.
(4)?If?I?had?not?studied?hard,?I?would?have?failed?in?the?exam?last?term.
3．条件从句与将来事实不一致，其句型为：
句型3：If?＋主语＋过去时/?should?＋动词原形/?were?to＋动词原形，主语＋?should?(could,?would,?或might)?＋动词原形
(5)?If?it?should?rain?tomorrow,?we?would?stay?at?home.
(6)?If?I?were?to?go?to?the?moon?one?day,?I?could?see?it?with?my?own?eyes.
(7)?If?you?missed?the?film?tonight,?you?would?feel?sorry.
注意问题：
1．If条件句中绝对不可以出现would。
2．根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都要遵守上述句型。如：
(8)?If?you?had?studied?hard?before,?you?would?be?a?college?student?now?and?you?would?graduate?from?a?college?in?four?years’?time.
3．条件句中如果出现were,?had,?should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装。例如：
?(9)?Had?the?doctor?come?last?night,?the?boy?would?have?been?saved.
(10)?Were?I?to?go?to?the?moon?one?day,?I?would?see?it?with?my?own?eyes.
(11)?Should?it?rain?tomorrow,?we?would?stay?at?home.
二、名词性虚拟语气：
在表示命令、建议、要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：
句型4：主语＋（should）＋动词原形
(12)?Mother?insisted?that?John?(should)?go?to?bed?at?9?o’clock.（宾语从句）
(13)?It?was?required?that?the?crops?(should)?be?harvested?at?once.（主语从句）
(14)?It?is?surprising?that?she?shouldn’t?pass?the?math?exam.?（主语从句）
(15)?The?suggestion?that?he?(should)?be?invited?was?rejected.（同位语从句）
(16)?Their?demand?is?that?their?wages?(should)?be?increased.（表语从句）
注意：在这种句子中绝不可以出现would,must,?could等。
三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句：
句型5：wish后的宾语从句
与现在愿望不一致：主语＋过去时；
与过去愿望不一致：主语＋?had?＋过去分词/?could?＋?have＋过去分词；
与未来愿望不一致：主语＋?would?/?could?＋动词原形。如；
(17)?I?wish?I?were?you.
(18)?I?wish?I?had?visited?the?White?House?when?I?was?in?the?States.
(19)?I?wish?I?could?meet?you?tomorrow?at?the?party.
句型6：It’s?time句型（当It’s?time后用that从句时应该为“主语＋?should?＋动词原形”或“主语＋过去时”）
(20)?It’s?time?that?you?went?/?should?go?to?school.
句型7：If?only引起的感叹句相当于“How?I?wish?＋宾语从句”
(21)?If?only?he?could?come!?他要能来就好了。
(22)?If?only?I?had?known?the?answer!?我要早知答案就好了。
句型8：would?rather,?as?if（though）引导的句子也需使用虚拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况
用过去时。
(23)?I’d?rather?you?posted?the?letter?right?away.
(24)?I’d?rather?you?had?returned?the?book?yesterday.
(25)?She?loves?the?children?as?if?they?were?hers.
(26)?Alan?talked?about?Rome?as?if?he?had?been?there.
句型9：without,?but,?but?for,?but?that,?otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着虚拟条件。
(27)?Without?you,?I?would?never?know?him.
(28)?But?for?your?cooperation,?we?wouldn’t?have?done?the?work?so?well.
(29)?But?that?she?was?afraid,?she?would?have?said?no.
(30)?I?would?be?most?glad?to?help?you,?but?I’?am?busy?now.
(31)?I?should?have?come?to?the?party?yesterday,?but?I?was?busy.
(32)?I?am?busy?now;?otherwise?I?would?do?you?the?favor!
句型10：If?it?were?not?for?...?/?If?it?hadn’t?been?for?...?(要不是因为……)，其后面的主句也需使用虚拟。
(33)?If?it?were?not?for?his?help,?I?wouldn’t?go?home?now.
(34)?If?it?hadn’t?been?for?the?determined?captain,?all?the?passengers?on?the?board?wouldn’t?have?been?saved.
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